Fig. 5

Estimated kinship for four simulated families using py_ped_sim. A Distributions of observed kinship for all parent–child relationships for the six families simulated. B For Family 4, the largest family, expected (red line) vs. observed kinship for seven different relationships found in the family. C Scatter plot of observed vs expected kinship for all relationships found in Family 4. The solid black line is a regression between estimated and expected kinship. The red dashed line is a regression of the expected kinship across each relationship