Fig. 2

Overview of how Random Fourier Features are used to select triplets. An illustration of how Random Fourier Features (RFFs) are used to summarize the overall immune landscape for each sample. a The columns of a cell \(\times\) feature input matrix \({A}_i\) are transformed with \(\frac{d}{2}\) Gaussian random variables (P) to produce a new matrix, \({A'}_i\). b Per-cell Random Fourier Features (RFFs) are constructed by concatenating sine and cosine transformed features for each cell (We use \(\oplus\) as the notation for concatenation). Sine and cosine transformed values of \({A'}_i\) are used to form a matrix \(Z_i\) across all cells. Finally, a Random Fourier Feature vector \(S_{i}\) is constructed pooling (median or max) the feature values in each dimension across all cells